Identification, Chemical and Biological Management of Phytopythium vexans, the Causal Agent of Phytopythium Root and Crown Rot of Woody Ornamentals.
Identifieur interne : 000157 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000156; suivant : 000158Identification, Chemical and Biological Management of Phytopythium vexans, the Causal Agent of Phytopythium Root and Crown Rot of Woody Ornamentals.
Auteurs : Milan Panth [Oman] ; Fulya Baysal-Gurel [États-Unis] ; Farhat A. Avin [Oman] ; Terri Simmons [Oman]Source :
- Plant disease [ 0191-2917 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
Soilborne diseases caused by pathogens such as Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Verticillium, and Pythium species are the most important diseases of woody ornamentals. Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) and red maple (Acer rubrum) 'October Glory' plants grown in containers and fields in Tennessee have shown root and crown rot symptoms with dark brown to black lesions in 2017 and 2018. The objective of this research was to isolate and identify pathogens affecting ginkgo and red maple plants in nurseries of Tennessee and develop fungicide/biofungicide management recommendations for nursery producers. Isolations were made from the infected roots. Several Phytophthora-like colonies with spherical zoospores, filamentous to globose oogoni, and whitish mycelium, were isolated on V8-PARPH medium. For confirming identity, total genomic DNA was extracted followed by the sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, and large subunit (LSU) of the nuclear ribosomal RNA (rRNA) as well as cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (Cox I) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (Cox II) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Based on morphological and molecular analysis, Phytopythium vexans was described as a causal agent of crown and root rot from the infected ginkgo and red maple plants. To complete Koch's postulates, a pathogenicity test was performed by drenching 100 ml V8 agar medium slurry of P. vexans inoculum on 1-year-old potted ginkgo plant root systems as well as red maple 'October Glory'. Necrotic lesion development was observed in the root system 45 days after inoculation and P. vexans was re-isolated from the roots of both ginkgo and red maple. All control ginkgo and red maple plants remained disease-free and no pathogen was re-isolated. In addition, the efficacy of fungicides, biofungicides, fertilizer and host-plant defense inducers (traditionally recommended for management of oomycete diseases) for control of Phytopythium crown and root rot was evaluated on ginkgo and red maple 'October Glory' seedlings in greenhouse and field trials. The fungicides such as Empress Intrinsic, Pageant Intrinsic, Segovis and Subdue MAXX were effective in both greenhouse and field trials, and the biofungicide Stargus reduced the disease severity caused by pathogen P. vexans on ginkgo and red maple plants in greenhouse trials. These results will help nursery producers to make proper management decisions for newly reported Phytopythium crown and root rot disease of ginkgo and red maple plants.
DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-05-20-0987-RE
PubMed: 32910733
Affiliations:
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Floyd Nursery Research Center, McMinnville, Tennessee</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tennessee</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baysal Gurel, Fulya" sort="Baysal Gurel, Fulya" uniqKey="Baysal Gurel F" first="Fulya" last="Baysal-Gurel">Fulya Baysal-Gurel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Tennessee State University, Otis Floyd Nursery Research Center, 472 Cadillac Lane, McMinnville, Tennessee, United States, 37110; fbaysalg@tnstate.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Tennessee State University, Otis Floyd Nursery Research Center, 472 Cadillac Lane, McMinnville, Tennessee, United States</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>United States</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Avin, Farhat A" sort="Avin, Farhat A" uniqKey="Avin F" first="Farhat A" last="Avin">Farhat A. Avin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Tennessee State University, Otis L. 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Floyd Nursery Research Center, McMinnville, Tennessee, United States; millanpanth@gmail.com.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Oman</country><wicri:regionArea>Tennessee State University, Otis L. Floyd Nursery Research Center, McMinnville, Tennessee</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tennessee</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baysal Gurel, Fulya" sort="Baysal Gurel, Fulya" uniqKey="Baysal Gurel F" first="Fulya" last="Baysal-Gurel">Fulya Baysal-Gurel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Tennessee State University, Otis Floyd Nursery Research Center, 472 Cadillac Lane, McMinnville, Tennessee, United States, 37110; fbaysalg@tnstate.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Tennessee State University, Otis Floyd Nursery Research Center, 472 Cadillac Lane, McMinnville, Tennessee, United States</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>United States</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Avin, Farhat A" sort="Avin, Farhat A" uniqKey="Avin F" first="Farhat A" last="Avin">Farhat A. Avin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Tennessee State University, Otis L. Floyd Nursery Research Center, 472 Cadillac Lane, McMinnville, Tennessee, United States, 97330; farhat.avin@gmail.com.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Oman</country><wicri:regionArea>Tennessee State University, Otis L. Floyd Nursery Research Center, 472 Cadillac Lane, McMinnville, Tennessee, United States</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>United States</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simmons, Terri" sort="Simmons, Terri" uniqKey="Simmons T" first="Terri" last="Simmons">Terri Simmons</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Tennessee State University, Otis L. Floyd Nursery Research Center, McMinnville, Tennessee, United States; simmons37352@yahoo.com.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Oman</country><wicri:regionArea>Tennessee State University, Otis L. Floyd Nursery Research Center, McMinnville, Tennessee</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tennessee</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Plant disease</title><idno type="ISSN">0191-2917</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Soilborne diseases caused by pathogens such as <i>Phytophthora</i>, <i>Rhizoctonia</i>, <i>Fusarium</i>, <i>Verticillium</i>, and <i>Pythium</i> species are the most important diseases of woody ornamentals. Ginkgo (<i>Ginkgo biloba</i>) and red maple (<i>Acer rubrum</i>) 'October Glory' plants grown in containers and fields in Tennessee have shown root and crown rot symptoms with dark brown to black lesions in 2017 and 2018. The objective of this research was to isolate and identify pathogens affecting ginkgo and red maple plants in nurseries of Tennessee and develop fungicide/biofungicide management recommendations for nursery producers. Isolations were made from the infected roots. Several <i>Phytophthora</i>-like colonies with spherical zoospores, filamentous to globose oogoni, and whitish mycelium, were isolated on V8-PARPH medium. For confirming identity, total genomic DNA was extracted followed by the sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, and large subunit (LSU) of the nuclear ribosomal RNA (rRNA) as well as cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (Cox I) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (Cox II) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Based on morphological and molecular analysis, <i>Phytopythium vexans</i> was described as a causal agent of crown and root rot from the infected ginkgo and red maple plants. To complete Koch's postulates, a pathogenicity test was performed by drenching 100 ml V8 agar medium slurry of <i>P. vexans</i> inoculum on 1-year-old potted ginkgo plant root systems as well as red maple 'October Glory'. Necrotic lesion development was observed in the root system 45 days after inoculation and <i>P. vexans</i> was re-isolated from the roots of both ginkgo and red maple. All control ginkgo and red maple plants remained disease-free and no pathogen was re-isolated. In addition, the efficacy of fungicides, biofungicides, fertilizer and host-plant defense inducers (traditionally recommended for management of oomycete diseases) for control of Phytopythium crown and root rot was evaluated on ginkgo and red maple 'October Glory' seedlings in greenhouse and field trials. The fungicides such as Empress Intrinsic, Pageant Intrinsic, Segovis and Subdue MAXX were effective in both greenhouse and field trials, and the biofungicide Stargus reduced the disease severity caused by pathogen <i>P. vexans</i> on ginkgo and red maple plants in greenhouse trials. These results will help nursery producers to make proper management decisions for newly reported Phytopythium crown and root rot disease of ginkgo and red maple plants.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="Publisher" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32910733</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>10</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">0191-2917</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>Sep</Month><Day>10</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Plant disease</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Plant Dis</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Identification, Chemical and Biological Management of <i>Phytopythium vexans</i>, the Causal Agent of Phytopythium Root and Crown Rot of Woody Ornamentals.</ArticleTitle><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1094/PDIS-05-20-0987-RE</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Soilborne diseases caused by pathogens such as <i>Phytophthora</i>, <i>Rhizoctonia</i>, <i>Fusarium</i>, <i>Verticillium</i>, and <i>Pythium</i> species are the most important diseases of woody ornamentals. Ginkgo (<i>Ginkgo biloba</i>) and red maple (<i>Acer rubrum</i>) 'October Glory' plants grown in containers and fields in Tennessee have shown root and crown rot symptoms with dark brown to black lesions in 2017 and 2018. The objective of this research was to isolate and identify pathogens affecting ginkgo and red maple plants in nurseries of Tennessee and develop fungicide/biofungicide management recommendations for nursery producers. Isolations were made from the infected roots. Several <i>Phytophthora</i>-like colonies with spherical zoospores, filamentous to globose oogoni, and whitish mycelium, were isolated on V8-PARPH medium. For confirming identity, total genomic DNA was extracted followed by the sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, and large subunit (LSU) of the nuclear ribosomal RNA (rRNA) as well as cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (Cox I) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (Cox II) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Based on morphological and molecular analysis, <i>Phytopythium vexans</i> was described as a causal agent of crown and root rot from the infected ginkgo and red maple plants. To complete Koch's postulates, a pathogenicity test was performed by drenching 100 ml V8 agar medium slurry of <i>P. vexans</i> inoculum on 1-year-old potted ginkgo plant root systems as well as red maple 'October Glory'. Necrotic lesion development was observed in the root system 45 days after inoculation and <i>P. vexans</i> was re-isolated from the roots of both ginkgo and red maple. All control ginkgo and red maple plants remained disease-free and no pathogen was re-isolated. In addition, the efficacy of fungicides, biofungicides, fertilizer and host-plant defense inducers (traditionally recommended for management of oomycete diseases) for control of Phytopythium crown and root rot was evaluated on ginkgo and red maple 'October Glory' seedlings in greenhouse and field trials. The fungicides such as Empress Intrinsic, Pageant Intrinsic, Segovis and Subdue MAXX were effective in both greenhouse and field trials, and the biofungicide Stargus reduced the disease severity caused by pathogen <i>P. vexans</i> on ginkgo and red maple plants in greenhouse trials. These results will help nursery producers to make proper management decisions for newly reported Phytopythium crown and root rot disease of ginkgo and red maple plants.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Panth</LastName><ForeName>Milan</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Tennessee State University, Otis L. Floyd Nursery Research Center, McMinnville, Tennessee, United States; millanpanth@gmail.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Baysal-Gurel</LastName><ForeName>Fulya</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Tennessee State University, Otis Floyd Nursery Research Center, 472 Cadillac Lane, McMinnville, Tennessee, United States, 37110; fbaysalg@tnstate.edu.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Avin</LastName><ForeName>Farhat A</ForeName><Initials>FA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Tennessee State University, Otis L. Floyd Nursery Research Center, 472 Cadillac Lane, McMinnville, Tennessee, United States, 97330; farhat.avin@gmail.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Simmons</LastName><ForeName>Terri</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Tennessee State University, Otis L. Floyd Nursery Research Center, McMinnville, Tennessee, United States; simmons37352@yahoo.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>10</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Plant Dis</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9882809</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0191-2917</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Phytopythium vexans </Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Crop Type</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Ornamentals</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">ginkgo</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">nursery production</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">red maple</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">woody ornamentals</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>10</Day><Hour>17</Hour><Minute>8</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>11</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>11</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>aheadofprint</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32910733</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1094/PDIS-05-20-0987-RE</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Oman</li><li>États-Unis</li></country></list><tree><country name="Oman"><noRegion><name sortKey="Panth, Milan" sort="Panth, Milan" uniqKey="Panth M" first="Milan" last="Panth">Milan Panth</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Avin, Farhat A" sort="Avin, Farhat A" uniqKey="Avin F" first="Farhat A" last="Avin">Farhat A. Avin</name><name sortKey="Simmons, Terri" sort="Simmons, Terri" uniqKey="Simmons T" first="Terri" last="Simmons">Terri Simmons</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Baysal Gurel, Fulya" sort="Baysal Gurel, Fulya" uniqKey="Baysal Gurel F" first="Fulya" last="Baysal-Gurel">Fulya Baysal-Gurel</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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